The Rhine-Herne Canal was also known as the Zweg Canal on 1945. It runs north-west running into the Dortmund-Ems Canal. It is about half way between the Lippe Canal to the north and the Ruhr River to the south.I suspect that the 75th Infantry was already to the west of this canal and would not hav had to cross it. This canal likely marked the advancing troops right or western flank.
XVICorps which included the 75th Infantry Division in which my father. 1st Lieutenant Arthur Thorspecken was serving attacked from it’s position north of the Rhein-Herne Canal. Resistance came from the German 116th Panzer Division, composed of the 16th Panzer Grenadier Regiment and the 116th Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion and other miscellaneous units.
The 75th Infantry Division Commander, Major General Ray E. Porter didn’t believe that soldiers had to be cold, hunger dirty and unshaven to be a good soldier. He devoted a good bit of time to see the men lived otherwise. He was committed to seeing that officers and enlisted men would live as comfortably as the situation might allow.
Resistance was light at first. From German prisoners of war, it was learned that their orders were to continue delaying actions and to withdraw on first contact with the American forces. Resistance gradually stiffened and units began to receive heavy small arms fire, self propelled mortar and machine gin fire. About 20 bridges had been blown up by the Germans in the area. Civilians were called upon by the American regimental commander to work on the reconstruction of bridges. Rifles were found in many homes along with German uniforms. It was impossible to estimate the number of soldiers who became civilians overnight.
The 290th Infantry passed through the Combat Command R of the 8th Armored Division continuing to attack south towards the Rhein-Herne Canal. The 290th Infantry was held ip and unable to advance. The 75th Division commander Ray E. Porter sent orders that the unit must stop “dilly – dallying” and move the regiment up. Considering the slight resistance and the fact that the 290th had 3 tank companies, the division commander had no reason why he couldn’t keep up with the rest of the advancing units.
An autobahn highway bridge across the Rhein-Herne Canal was left standing by the Germans so that their troops could retreat. From there the Germans hoped t0 organize and make an attempt to break out of their encirclement. This autobahn crossing and the city of Ickern was stubbornly defended. With Germans on the east bank and the Americans on the west back, fire fight continued up and down the canal and casualties were heavy.
About 50 German soldiers were shouting across the canal and offering to surrender. The surrender did not take place. An officer had stopped their plan. Instead the Germans fired on American positions. At 1am on April 4, 1945 the crossing of the canal began. The plan was to build Bailey bridges but there was heavy fir from the area around the autobahn bridge site, and thr engineers had failde to provide ladders and bridging materials. The only way across the river was a single plank bridge which was partly submerged, and men had to leap from board to board in the pitch dark night. Three ladders were used to climb the steep embankment on the opposite shore. The climb was particularly hazardous for men carrying heavy weapons. Several fell backwards into the canal.
By 4am the 1st Battalion had taken 40 German prisoners and they had entered Ickern. By April 5th, 1945 Ickern had been captured after fierce house to house combat. Capturing this city allowed the 75th Infantry Division to continue it’s attack south towards the Ruhr River which would split the Ruhr pocket in two.